Clinico-Pathological Correlation of Urothelial Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder with P63 and CK20 Immunostain

Urinary bladder carcinoma is a common cancer in the Indian population in increasing incidence over the past few decades. Most of the tumours of the urinary bladder are urothelial carcinomas, comprising approximately 90% of all primary tumours of this organ. Urothelial carcinoma is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world and also in India. The objective is to assess the epidemiological assay of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and to correlate with clinical and pathological findings, and also to help in accurate diagnosis with respect to grade and invasiveness by using histomorphology and immune markers, thus guiding the treatment protocol. The study was conducted in the Department of Pathology in association with the Department of Urology, IPGME&R, Kolkata, for a duration of 2 years. A total of 100 cases were selected with cystoscopically evident tumour and undergoing Trans Urethral Resection of Bladder Tumour (TURBT). The biopsy samples was collected and further processed in the Department of Pathology. Haematoxylin-eosin and immunostaining with CK20 and p63 were done. Data was analysed by Statistica version 6 Software [Tulsa, Oklahoma: StatSoft Inc., 2001. Fisher’s exact test and Chi square test were conducted to assess relation between categorical variables. Results were considered significant at P<0.05. A total of 100 cases were studied. Most cases were males and in the elderly age group. Most common presenting symptom was haematuria. Smoking history was present in 62% cases. Histologically, 90% cases were Papillary type and invasive at the time of presentation. Most of the invasive cases were of High Grade. The stage and grade of urothelial carcinoma correlated with the extent of CK20 and P63 immunoexpression (p<0.05). In this study in a tertiary care hospital we have studied the relation between different clinical and histological parameters in cases of urinary bladder carcinomas using TURBT specimens.